1. What is company registration in India?
It is the process of legally incorporating your business under the Companies Act, 2013, giving it a recognized legal identity.
2. How to register a company in India?
Choose a unique name, obtain DSC and DIN, file for incorporation with the MCA, and receive your Certificate of Incorporation.
3. What is a Pvt Ltd company?
A Private Limited Company is a type of privately held business entity with limited liability and restricted share transfer.
4. What are the benefits of registering a Pvt Ltd company?
Limited liability, separate legal entity, credibility, and easy access to funding are some of the major benefits.
5. What documents are required for registration?
PAN, Aadhaar, address proof of directors, office address proof, MoA, AoA, and NOC if applicable.
6. How much time does it take for registration?
Generally, 7–15 working days, depending on document submission and approval speed.
7. What is the minimum capital to start a Pvt Ltd company?
There is no minimum capital requirement; however, Rs. 1 lakh is commonly used as authorized capital.
8. Who can be a director in a company?
Any individual above 18 years with a valid DIN can be a director, including foreign nationals.
9. Can NRIs or foreigners register a Pvt Ltd company?
Yes, they can invest and register a company in India with one resident Indian director.
10. Is physical presence needed for registration?
No, the entire process is online, and no physical presence is required.
11. What is a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)?
DSC is used for signing electronic documents and is mandatory for directors in company registration.
12. What is Director Identification Number (DIN)?
DIN is a unique ID for directors issued by the MCA to track their involvement in companies.
13. What is the role of MoA and AoA?
MoA defines the company’s objectives; AoA outlines internal management rules and regulations.
14. Can a salaried person be a director?
Yes, unless their employment contract restricts them from holding a directorship.
15. What is a Certificate of Incorporation?
It’s the legal document issued by the MCA confirming the company’s registration.
16. How many directors are required to start a Pvt Ltd company?
A minimum of 2 and a maximum of 15 directors can be appointed in a Private Limited Company.
17. How many shareholders are allowed in a Pvt Ltd company?
A Private Limited Company can have a maximum of 200 shareholders.
18. Can a company be registered at a residential address?
Yes, a company can be registered at a residential address with proper address proof and NOC from the property owner.
19. Is GST mandatory after company registration?
GST is not mandatory unless the company crosses the specified annual turnover threshold or deals in interstate supply.
20. Can I convert a sole proprietorship to Pvt Ltd?
Yes, you can convert a proprietorship into a Private Limited Company by following proper legal conversion procedures.
21. What are the annual compliances for a Pvt Ltd company?
Filing of Annual Returns, Financial Statements, Income Tax Returns, and conducting Annual General Meeting (AGM) are key compliances.
22. Can I use the same address for multiple companies?
Yes, the same address can be used for multiple companies if proper NOC and utility bills are provided for each.
23. Can a Pvt Ltd company issue shares to the public?
No, a Private Limited Company cannot issue shares to the public. It is restricted to private placement.
24. What is the maximum number of directors allowed?
The maximum number of directors allowed in a Private Limited Company is 15. More can be added by passing a special resolution.
25. Can a Pvt Ltd company buy property?
Yes, being a separate legal entity, a Private Limited Company can acquire, own, and transfer property in its name.
26. Can a minor be a shareholder in a Pvt Ltd company?
Yes, a minor can be a shareholder through a natural guardian, but cannot become a director.
27. What is the difference between authorized and paid-up capital?
Authorized capital is the maximum capital a company is allowed to issue, while paid-up capital is the amount issued to shareholders.
28. Is company registration allowed for eCommerce businesses?
Yes, Pvt Ltd companies are commonly used for eCommerce startups due to flexibility and funding benefits.
29. Can a company have no revenue and still remain active?
Yes, as long as annual compliances are fulfilled, a company can remain active even with zero revenue.
30. Is audit mandatory for Pvt Ltd companies?
Yes, every Pvt Ltd company must get its accounts audited annually by a Chartered Accountant.
41. Can two companies have the same name?
No, the MCA does not allow two active companies to have the same or too similar names.
42. How can I change my company name after registration?
A special resolution must be passed, and approval must be taken from the ROC to change the company name officially.
43. Can I close a Pvt Ltd company if it's not operating?
Yes, through voluntary strike-off or fast-track exit scheme if the company has no liabilities.
44. What is an LLP and how is it different from Pvt Ltd?
An LLP offers limited liability but is suitable for professional services, while a Pvt Ltd is ideal for startups and scalable businesses.
45. Can a director resign anytime?
Yes, a director can resign by giving written notice, and the company must file DIR-12 with the ROC.
46. Can a company change its registered office address?
Yes, a company can change its registered office within the same city or even state with proper filing to ROC.
47. Do I need a PAN card to register a company?
Yes, PAN is mandatory for all directors/shareholders during incorporation.
48. What are SPICe+ forms?
SPICe+ is an integrated web form for company incorporation including PAN, TAN, GST, EPFO, ESIC, and bank account opening.
49. Can I register a company with one director?
No, a Pvt Ltd company requires a minimum of two directors. For single ownership, you can consider an OPC (One Person Company).
50. What is a DIN and how do I get it?
DIN is Director Identification Number. You get it by applying via SPICe+ or DIR-3 form on the MCA portal with identity documents.
51. Can two companies have the same directors?
Yes, one person can be a director in multiple companies, provided there's no conflict of interest or restriction in the AoA.
52. What is the validity of a company once registered?
Once registered, the company remains active until it is legally closed or struck off for non-compliance.
53. Is trademark registration included in company registration?
No, trademark registration is a separate process. Company registration only protects your business name legally under MCA records.
54. Can an NRI open a company in India online?
Yes, NRIs can register a company online using SPICe+ forms and providing apostilled KYC documents.
55. What if my company name is rejected?
You must re-apply with a new name that complies with naming guidelines and is not similar to an existing registered company.
56. What are the tax benefits for Pvt Ltd companies?
Startups under Pvt Ltd model can claim deductions under Section 80-IAC, carry forward losses, and enjoy lower corporate tax rates.
57. Can a company run without a bank account?
No, a current account is essential to conduct transactions and remain compliant after registration.
58. Can I change my company’s main objective?
Yes, changes to your business objective require alteration of the MoA through special resolution and ROC filing.
59. Can a company name include words like India, Corporation?
Yes, but such names may require approval or justification and compliance with naming guidelines.
60. What is the difference between ROC and MCA?
ROC is the Registrar of Companies that handles company registration. MCA is the governing ministry under which ROC operates.
61. What is an AoA (Articles of Association)?
AoA is a document that defines the internal rules and day-to-day operations of a company.
62. Can a Pvt Ltd company do business outside India?
Yes, it can engage in export/import or international business, subject to FEMA and RBI compliance.
63. What is eMOA and eAOA?
eMOA and eAOA are electronic versions of MoA and AoA that are digitally signed and submitted with SPICe+.
64. Do directors need to be present at one place?
No, incorporation is completely online. Directors can be in different locations when documents are signed digitally.
65. Can I start a Pvt Ltd company with my spouse?
Yes, both can be directors/shareholders and register the company jointly.
66. Can a Pvt Ltd company issue preference shares?
Yes, subject to provisions in the company’s AoA and approval from shareholders and authorities.
67. What are share certificates and when should they be issued?
Share certificates must be issued within 2 months from the date of share allotment to all shareholders.
68. Can I change my CA or company secretary after registration?
Yes, a new professional can be appointed by board resolution and by filing required forms with the ROC.
69. What happens if a director dies?
The company can appoint a new director and file DIR-12 for cessation of the deceased director from the MCA portal.
70. Can I change my company type after registration?
Yes, conversion is allowed under law (e.g., Pvt Ltd to LLP or Public Ltd), subject to ROC approval and compliance.
71. Is there a penalty for not filing annual returns?
Yes, late filing leads to heavy penalties and directors can be disqualified for continuous non-compliance.
72. Can I raise funds through a Pvt Ltd company?
Yes, a Pvt Ltd company can raise funds via private equity, angel investors, venture capital, or loans.
73. Can a Pvt Ltd company get government tenders?
Yes, registered companies with GST, PAN, and other compliance documents can apply for government tenders.
74. Can a Pvt Ltd company do multiple businesses?
Yes, if mentioned in the MoA or amended later, a company can carry out multiple business activities legally.
75. Can I register a Pvt Ltd company without a consultant?
Technically yes, but due to the legal complexity and precision required, professional assistance is highly recommended.